In a medium mixing bowl, combine the drained black beans and Greek yogurt.
Use a fork to partially mash the beans into the yogurt until a thick paste forms with some whole beans remaining.
Fold in the nutritional yeast, cumin, smoked paprika, garlic powder, lime juice, and chopped cilantro.
Spread the bean mixture evenly across one half of each tortilla.
Distribute the shredded cheddar cheese over the bean mixture and fold the tortillas in half to seal.
Heat olive oil in a large non-stick skillet over medium heat until shimmering.
Place the quesadillas in the skillet and cook for 3-4 minutes per side, applying light pressure with a spatula, until the tortillas are golden brown and crispy.
Remove from heat, let rest for 2 minutes to allow the filling to set, then slice into wedges and serve.