Combine quinoa and water in a medium saucepan, bring to a boil, then reduce heat and simmer covered for 15 minutes until water is absorbed.
Remove quinoa from heat and let it cool completely in a large mixing bowl.
In a small bowl, whisk together peanut butter, soy sauce, lime juice, maple syrup, sesame oil, ginger, and garlic until smooth.
Add the edamame, red cabbage, carrots, bell pepper, cilantro, and green onions to the cooled quinoa.
Pour the peanut dressing over the salad and toss until all ingredients are evenly coated.
Top with chopped roasted peanuts before serving.