Heat oil in a heavy-bottomed skillet over medium-high heat until shimmering.
Add corn kernels to the skillet in a single layer; cook undisturbed for 3 to 4 minutes to achieve a deep char, then stir and cook for 2 more minutes.
Place chopped kale in a large mixing bowl with a pinch of salt and a drizzle of lime juice.
Massage the kale firmly with hands for 2 minutes until the volume is reduced by half and leaves are tender and dark green.
In a small bowl, whisk together mayonnaise, Greek yogurt, lime juice, chili powder, salt, and pepper until emulsified.
Add the charred corn, red onion, jalapeño, and cilantro to the bowl containing the massaged kale.
Incorporate the dressing into the salad and toss thoroughly to ensure even distribution.
Garnish with crumbled cotija cheese and an extra dusting of chili powder before service.